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Expression of neuropeptides and
growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) in cutaneous and mucosal nerve
structures of the adult rat lower lip after mental nerve section.
Verze L, Paraninfo A, Viglietti-Panzica C, Panzica GC, Ramieri G.
Laboratory
of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Forensic
Medicine, University of Torino, Corso Massimo D'Azeglio 52, I-10126
Torino, Italy. laura.verze@unito.it
The reinnervation of the
adult rat lower lip has been investigated after unilateral section of
the mental nerve. Rats were sacrificed at 4, 7, 9, 14, 30, and 90 days
after the operation. A further group of animals with section of the
mental nerve and block of the alveolar nerve regeneration, was
sacrificed at 14 days. Specimens were processed for immunocytochemistry
with antibodies against PGP 9.5, GAP-43 or neuropeptides (CGRP, SP and
VIP). Four days after nerve section, axonal degeneration seems evident
in the mental nerve branches and inside skin and mucosa. GAP-43
immunoreactivity is intense in the mental nerve 7 days after nerve
section and it reaches its maximal expression and distribution in
peripheral nerve fibres at 14 days. At 30 days, the decline in its
expression is associated with the increase of PGP9.5-, SP-, and CGRP
immunopositivity. VIP is observed only in perivascular fibres at all
times observed. Present results suggest that, after sensory denervation
of the rat lip, nerve fibres in skin and mucosa remain at lower density
than normal. The different time courses in the expression of
neuropeptides and GAP-43 suggest a possible early involvement of GAP-43
in peripheral nerve regeneration.
PMID: 12597125 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Immunocytochemical evidence of plasticity in the nervous structures of the rat lower lip.
Verze L, Paraninfo A, Ramieri G, Viglietti-Panzica C, Panzica GC.
Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine, University of Turin, Italy.
In
this immunocytochemical study we investigated the distribution of
nervous structures in the lower lip of adult rats. The region is
characterized by a rich cutaneous and mucosal sensory innervation
originating from terminal branches of the trigeminal system. Lower lip
innervation was investigated by detection of the general neuronal
marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and the growth-associated
protein 43 (GAP-43), a neurochemical marker of neuronal plasticity. The
entire neural network of both cutaneous and mucosal aspects was stained
by the antibody to PGP 9.5. In particular, nerve fibers were observed
in the submucosal and the subepithelial plexuses. Thin immunoreactive
fibers were observed within the epithelial layers ending as free fibers
or as fibers associated with immunopositive Merkel cells.
Well-identified anatomical structures receiving sensory or autonomic
innervation were also surrounded by PGP 9.5-ir nerve fibers, in
particular, hair follicles, vibrissae, glands, and blood vessels.
GAP-43-immunostained nerve fibers were observed in all these
structures; however, they were generally less numerous than the PGP
9.5-immunoreactive elements. An equal amount of PGP 9.5 and GAP-43
immunoreactivity occurred, in contrast, in the subepidermal and the
submucosal plexuses, or in the epidermis and the mucosal epithelium.
The present results show that GAP-43 is normally expressed in the
mature trigeminal sensory system of the rat. Skin and oral mucosa are
characterized by continuous remodeling that may also involve the
sensory nervous apparatus. Continuous neural remodeling, regeneration
and sprouting may be the reason for the observed expression of GAP-43.
PMID: 10470490 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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